The fluctuations of your heartbeat may affect your wisdom, according to a study from the University of Waterloo, Canada.
The study advocates that heart rate variation and thinking processes work together to enable wise reasoning about complex social issues. The study was conducted by Igor Grossmann, professor of psychology at Waterloo, and colleagues based at the Australian Catholic University, and appears in the online journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience.
Their study is significant as it breaks new ground in wisdom research by identifying conditions under which psychophysiology impacts wise judgment.
“Our research shows that wise reasoning is not exclusively a function of the mind and cognitive ability,” said Prof. Grossmann. “We found that people who have greater heart rate variability and who are able to think about social problems from a distanced viewpoint demonstrate a greater capacity for wise reasoning.”
The study covers and continues previous work on cognitive underpinnings of wise judgment to include consideration how the heart’s functioning impacts the mind.
A growing body of philosophers and cognitive scientists defines wise judgment to include the ability to recognize the limits of one’s knowledge, to be aware of the varied contexts of life and how they may unfold over time, to acknowledge others’ points of view, and to seek reconciliation of opposing viewpoints.
However, the new study is the first to show that the physiology of the heart, or more specifically the variability of heart rate during low physical activity, is related to less biased, wiser judgment.
Human heart rate tends to fluctuate, even during casual activities, such as while a person is sitting. Heart rate variability refers to the variation in the time interval between heartbeats and is related to the nervous system’s control of organ functions.
The study found that individuals with more varied heart rates were able to reason in a wiser, less biased fashion about societal problems when they were instructed to reflect on a social issue from a third-person perspective. However, curiously, when the study’s participants were instructed to reason about the issue from a first-person perspective, no relationship between heart rate and wiser judgment emerged.
“We already knew that people with greater variation in their heart rate show superior performance in the brain’s executive functioning such as working memory,” reveals Prof. Grossmann. “However, that does not necessarily mean these people are wiser – in fact, some people may use their cognitive skills to make unwise decisions. To channel their cognitive abilities for wiser judgment, people with greater heart rate variability first need to overcome their egocentric viewpoints.”
The study opens the door for further exploration of wise judgment at the intersection of physiological and cognitive research.
